herbaceous plant

1. A plant lacking a permanent woody stem;
   Many are flowering garden plants or potherbs;
   Some having medicinal properties;
   Some are pests (synset 112226211)
   is a type of: tracheophyte, vascular plant - green plant having a vascular system: ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
   subtypes:

   • barrenwort, bishop's hat, epimedium grandiflorum - slow-growing creeping plant with semi-evergreen leaves on erect wiry stems; used as ground cover
   • may apple, mayapple, podophyllum peltatum, wild mandrake - North American herb with poisonous root stock and edible though insipid fruit
   • butter-flower, buttercup, butterflower, crowfoot, goldcup, kingcup - any of various plants of the genus Ranunculus
   • coptis groenlandica, coptis trifolia groenlandica, golden thread, goldthread - low-growing perennial of North America woodlands having trifoliate leaves and yellow rootstock and white flowers
   • eranthis hyemalis, winter aconite - small Old World perennial herb grown for its bright yellow flowers which appear in early spring often before snow is gone
   • hepatica, liverleaf - any of several plants of the genus Hepatica having three-lobed leaves and white or pinkish flowers in early spring; of moist and mossy subalpine woodland areas of north temperate regions
   • golden seal, goldenseal, hydrastis canadensis, turmeric root, yellow root - perennial herb of northeastern United States having a thick knotted yellow rootstock and large rounded leaves
   • false rue, false rue anemone, isopyrum biternatum - slender erect perennial of eastern North America having tuberous roots and pink-tinged white flowers; resembles meadow rue
   • giant buttercup, laccopetalum giganteum - spectacular perennial native of wet montane grasslands of Peru; formerly included in genus Ranunculus
   • false bugbane, trautvetteria carolinensis - tall perennial of the eastern United States having large basal leaves and white summer flowers
   • globe flower, globeflower - any of several plants of the genus Trollius having globose yellow flowers
   • legume, leguminous plant - an erect or climbing bean or pea plant of the family Leguminosae
   • clover, trefoil - a plant of the genus Trifolium
   • cape periwinkle, catharanthus roseus, cayenne jasmine, madagascar periwinkle, old maid, periwinkle, red periwinkle, rose periwinkle, vinca rosea - commonly cultivated Old World woody herb having large pinkish to red flowers
   • aroid, arum - any plant of the family Araceae; have small flowers massed on a spadix surrounded by a large spathe
   • ginseng, nin-sin, panax ginseng, panax pseudoginseng, panax schinseng - Chinese herb with palmately compound leaves and small greenish flowers and forked aromatic roots believed to have medicinal powers
   • american ginseng, panax quinquefolius, sang - North American woodland herb similar to and used as substitute for the Chinese ginseng
   • wild ginger - low-growing perennial herb with pungent gingery leaves and rhizomes
   • asarum shuttleworthii, heart-leaf, heartleaf - wild ginger having persistent heart-shaped pungent leaves; West Virginia to Alabama
   • caryophyllaceous plant - a plant of the family Caryophyllaceae
   • chickweed, clammy chickweed, mouse ear, mouse eared chickweed, mouse-ear chickweed - any of various plants related to the common chickweed
   • drypis - spiny-leaved perennial herb of southern Europe having terminal clusters of small flowers
   • coral necklace, illecebrum verticullatum - glabrous annual with slender taproot and clusters of white flowers; western Europe especially western Mediterranean and Atlantic coastal areas
   • chickweed - any of various plants of the genus Stellaria
   • new zealand spinach, tetragonia expansa, tetragonia tetragonioides - coarse sprawling Australasian plant with red or yellow flowers; cultivated for its edible young shoots and succulent leaves
   • amaranth - any of various plants of the genus Amaranthus having dense plumes of green or red flowers; often cultivated for food
   • amaranthus spinosus, thorny amaranth - erect annual of tropical central Asia and Africa having a pair of divergent spines at most leaf nodes
   • celosia argentea, red fox - weedy annual with spikes of silver-white flowers
   • celosia argentea cristata, celosia cristata, cockscomb, common cockscomb - garden annual with featherlike spikes of red or yellow flowers
   • cottonweed - any of various plants of the genus Froelichia found in sandy soils and on rocky slopes in warmer regions of America; grown for their spikes of woolly white flowers
   • goosefoot - any of various weeds of the genus Chenopodium having small greenish flowers
   • orach, orache - any of various herbaceous plants of the genus Atriplex that thrive in deserts and salt marshes
   • halogeton, halogeton glomeratus - a coarse annual herb introduced into North America from Siberia; dangerous to sheep and cattle on western rangelands because of its high oxalate content
   • barilla, halogeton souda - Algerian plant formerly burned to obtain calcium carbonate
   • glasswort, salicornia europaea, samphire - fleshy maritime plant having fleshy stems with rudimentary scalelike leaves and small spikes of minute flowers; formerly used in making glass
   • pokeweed - perennial of the genus Phytolacca
   • purslane - a plant of the family Portulacaceae having fleshy succulent obovate leaves often grown as a potherb or salad herb; a weed in some areas
   • rock purslane - a plant of the genus Calandrinia
   • indian lettuce - a plant of the genus Montia having edible pleasant-tasting leaves
   • cleome, spiderflower - any of various often strong-smelling plants of the genus Cleome having showy spider-shaped flowers
   • clammyweed, polanisia dodecandra, polanisia graveolens - strong-scented herb common in southern United States covered with intermixed gland and hairs
   • crucifer, cruciferous plant - any of various plants of the family Cruciferae
   • stone cress, stonecress - any Old World herb of the genus Aethionema; native of sunny limestone habitats
   • armoracia rusticana, horse radish, horseradish, red cole - coarse Eurasian plant cultivated for its thick white pungent root
   • berteroa incana, hoary alison, hoary alyssum - tall European annual with downy grey-green foliage and dense heads of small white flowers followed by hairy pods; naturalized in North America; sometimes a troublesome weed
   • cakile maritima, sea-rocket - salt-tolerant seashore annual grown for its fragrant rose or violet flowers and fleshy grey-green foliage
   • crambe maritima, sea cole, sea kale - perennial of coastal sands and shingles of northern Europe and Baltic and Black Seas having racemes of small white flowers and large fleshy blue-green leaves often used as potherbs
   • descurainia pinnata, tansy mustard - North American herb with bitter-tasting pinnate leaves resembling those of tansy
   • diplotaxis muralis, diplotaxis tenuifolia, wall rocket - yellow-flowered European plant that grows on old walls and in waste places; an adventive weed in North America
   • diplotaxis erucoides, white rocket - from Mediterranean region; a naturalized weed throughout southern Europe
   • draba - any of numerous low-growing cushion-forming plants of the genus Draba having rosette-forming leaves and terminal racemes of small flowers with scapose or leafy stems; fruit is a dehiscent oblong or linear silique
   • arugula, eruca sativa, eruca vesicaria sativa, garden rocket, rocket, rocket salad, roquette - erect European annual often grown as a salad crop to be harvested when young and tender
   • hugueninia tanacetifolia, sisymbrium tanacetifolia, tansy-leaved rocket - perennial stellate and hairy herb with small yellow flowers of mountains of southern Europe; sometimes placed in genus Sisymbrium
   • woad - any of several herbs of the genus Isatis
   • bladderpod - any of several hairy North American herbs having yellow racemose flowers and inflated pods
   • honesty, lunaria annua, money plant, satin flower, satinpod, silver dollar - southeastern European plant cultivated for its fragrant purplish flowers and round flat papery silver-white seedpods that are used for indoor decoration
   • bladderpod - any of several plants of the genus Physaria having racemose yellow flowers and inflated pods
   • chamois cress, lepidium alpina, pritzelago alpina - small tufted perennial herb of mountains of central and southern Europe having very small flowers of usually leafless stems; sometimes placed in genus Lepidium
   • hedge mustard, sisymbrium officinale - stiffly branching Old World annual with pale yellow flowers; widely naturalized in North America; formerly used medicinally
   • fringepod, lacepod - annual herb having pinnatifid basal leaves and slender racemes of small white flowers followed by one-seeded winged silicles
   • bladderpod - annual or perennial herbs with inflated seed pods; some placed in genus Lesquerella
   • wasabi - a Japanese plant of the family Cruciferae with a thick green root
   • argemone, devil's fig, prickly poppy, white thistle - any plant of the genus Argemone having large white or yellow flowers and prickly leaves and stems and pods; chiefly of tropical America
   • bloodroot, puccoon, redroot, sanguinaria canadensis, tetterwort - perennial woodland native of North America having a red root and red sap and bearing a solitary lobed leaf and white flower in early spring and having acrid emetic properties; rootstock used as a stimulant and expectorant
   • fumaria officinalis, fumeroot, fumewort, fumitory - delicate European herb with greyish leaves and spikes of purplish flowers; formerly used medicinally
   • bleeding heart, dicentra spectabilis, lyre-flower, lyreflower - garden plant having deep-pink drooping heart-shaped flowers
   • dicentra cucullaria, dutchman's breeches - delicate spring-flowering plant of the eastern United States having white flowers with double spurs
   • dicentra canadensis, squirrel corn - American plant with cream-colored flowers and tuberous roots resembling kernels of corn
   • achillea - any of several plants of the genus Achillea native to Europe and having small white flowers in flat-topped flower heads
   • ageratina altissima, eupatorium rugosum, white sanicle, white snakeroot - American herb having flat-topped clusters of small white flower heads; reputedly a cause of trembles and milk sickness; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium
   • anacyclus pyrethrum, pellitory, pellitory-of-spain - a small Mediterranean plant containing a volatile oil once used to relieve toothache
   • andryala - any plant of the genus Andryala having milky sap and heads of bright yellow flowers
   • antennaria plantaginifolia, ladies' tobacco, lady's tobacco - North American perennial propagated by means of runners
   • antennaria dioica, cat's feet, cat's foot, pussytoes - low-growing perennial herb having leaves with whitish down and clusters of small white flowers
   • arnica - any of various rhizomatous usually perennial plants of the genus Arnica
   • arnoseris minima, dwarf nipplewort, lamb succory - small European herb with small yellow flowers
   • ayapana, ayapana triplinervis, eupatorium aya-pana - low spreading tropical American shrub with long slender leaves used to make a mildly stimulating drink resembling tea; sometimes placed in genus Eupatorium
   • balsamroot - a plant of the genus Balsamorhiza having downy leaves in a basal rosette and yellow flowers and long balsam-scented taproots
   • indian plantain - any of various plants of the genus Cacalia having leaves resembling those of plantain
   • carthamus tinctorius, false saffron, safflower - thistlelike Eurasian plant widely grown for its red or orange flower heads and seeds that yield a valuable oil
   • anthemis nobilis, camomile, chamaemelum nobilis, chamomile - Eurasian plant with apple-scented foliage and white-rayed flowers and feathery leaves used medicinally; in some classification systems placed in genus Anthemis
   • chaenactis - any of several United States plants having long stalks of funnel-shaped white or yellow flowers
   • chicory, chicory plant, cichorium intybus, succory - perennial Old World herb having rayed flower heads with blue florets cultivated for its root and its heads of crisp edible leaves used in salads
   • cichorium endivia, endive, witloof - widely cultivated herb with leaves valued as salad green; either curly serrated leaves or broad flat ones that are usually blanched
   • coreopsis, tick-weed, tickseed, tickweed - any of numerous plants of the genus Coreopsis having a profusion of showy usually yellow daisylike flowers over long periods; North and South America
   • leopard's-bane, leopardbane - any of several herbs of the genus Doronicum having alternate often clasping stem leaves cultivated for their long stalks of yellow flower heads
   • globe thistle - any of various plants of the genus Echinops having prickly leaves and dense globose heads of bluish flowers
   • elephant's-foot - any plant of the genus Elephantopus having heads of blue or purple flowers; America
   • cacalia javanica, cacalia lutea, emilia coccinea, emilia flammea, emilia javanica, tassel flower - tropical African annual having scarlet tassel-shaped flower heads; sometimes placed in genus Cacalia
   • emilia sagitta, tassel flower - tropical Asiatic annual cultivated for its small tassel-shaped heads of scarlet flowers
   • eupatorium cannabinum, hemp agrimony - coarse European herb with palmately divided leaves and clusters of small reddish-purple flower heads
   • dog fennel, eupatorium capillifolium - weedy plant of southeastern United States having divided leaves and long clusters of greenish flowers
   • eupatorium maculatum, joe-pye weed, spotted joe-pye weed - North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of small pinkish or purple flower heads
   • agueweed, boneset, eupatorium perfoliatum, thoroughwort - perennial herb of southeastern United States having white-rayed flower heads; formerly used as in folk medicine
   • eupatorium purpureum, joe-pye weed, marsh milkweed, purple boneset, trumpet weed - North American herb having whorled leaves and terminal clusters of flowers spotted with purple
   • gum plant, gumweed, rosinweed, tarweed - any of various western American plants of the genus Grindelia having resinous leaves and stems formerly used medicinally; often poisonous to livestock
   • haastia pulvinaris, sheep plant, vegetable sheep - cushion-forming New Zealand herb having leaves densely covered with tawny hairs
   • sneezeweed - any of various plants of the genus Helenium characteristically causing sneezing
   • hawkweed - any of numerous often hairy plants of the genus Hieracium having yellow or orange flowers that resemble the dandelion
   • alpine coltsfoot, homogyne alpina, tussilago alpina - rhizomatous herb with purple-red flowers suitable for groundcover; sometimes placed in genus Tussilago
   • inula - any plant of the genus Inula
   • krigia - any small branched yellow-flowered North American herb of the genus Krigia
   • lettuce - any of various plants of the genus Lactuca
   • leopard plant - any of various plants of temperate Eurasia; grown for their yellow flowers and handsome foliage
   • tarweed - any of various resinous glandular plants of the genus Madia; of western North and South America
   • german chamomile, matricaria chamomilla, matricaria recutita, sweet false chamomile, wild chamomile - annual Eurasian herb similar in fragrance and medicinal uses to chamomile though taste is more bitter and effect is considered inferior
   • matricaria matricarioides, pineapple weed, rayless chamomile - annual aromatic weed of Pacific coastal areas (United States and northeastern Asia) having bristle-pointed leaves and rayless yellow flowers
   • rattlesnake root - a plant of the genus Nabalus
   • gall of the earth, lion's foot, nabalus serpentarius, prenanthes serpentaria - common perennial herb widely distributed in the southern and eastern United States having drooping clusters of pinkish flowers and thick basal leaves suggesting a lion's foot in shape; sometimes placed in genus Prenanthes
   • butterweed - any of several yellow-flowered plants of the genus Packera; often placed in genus Senecio
   • golden groundsel, golden ragwort, packera aurea, senecio aureus - weedy herb of the eastern United States to Texas having golden-yellow flowers; sometimes becomes invasive; sometimes placed in genus Senecio
   • bog rhubarb, butterbur, petasites hybridus, petasites vulgaris - small Eurasian herb having broad leaves and lilac-pink rayless flowers; found in moist areas
   • petasites fragrans, sweet coltsfoot, winter heliotrope - European herb with vanilla-scented white-pink flowers
   • petasites sagitattus, sweet coltsfoot - American sweet-scented herb
   • hawkweed - any of various plants of the genus Pilosella
   • stevia - any plant of the genus Piqueria or the closely related genus Stevia
   • prenanthes purpurea, rattlesnake root - herb of central and southern Europe having purple florets
   • pteropogon, pteropogon humboltianum - southern Australian plant having feathery hairs surrounding the fruit
   • feabane mullet, fleabane, pulicaria dysenterica - hairy perennial Eurasian herb with yellow daisylike flowers reputed to destroy or drive away fleas
   • raoulia australis, raoulia lutescens, sheep plant, vegetable sheep - perennial prostrate mat-forming herb with hoary woolly foliage
   • creeping zinnia, sanvitalia procumbens - low-branching leafy annual with flower heads resembling zinnias; found in southwestern United States and Mexico to Guatemala
   • costusroot, saussurea costus, saussurea lappa - annual herb of the eastern Himalayas (Kashmir) having purple florets and a fragrant root that yields a volatile oil used in perfumery and for preserving furs
   • black salsify, scorzonera, scorzonera hispanica, viper's grass - perennial south European herb having narrow entire leaves and solitary yellow flower heads and long black edible roots shaped like carrots
   • sawwort, serratula tinctoria - European perennial whose serrate leaves yield a yellow dye
   • blessed thistle, holy thistle, lady's thistle, milk thistle, our lady's mild thistle, silybum marianum - tall Old World biennial thistle with large clasping white-blotched leaves and purple flower heads; naturalized in California and South America
   • stevia - any plant of the genus Stevia or the closely related genus Piqueria having glutinous foliage and white or purplish flowers; Central and South America
   • alecost, balsam herb, bible leaf, chrysanthemum balsamita, costmary, mint geranium, tanacetum balsamita - tansy-scented Eurasian perennial herb with buttonlike yellow flowers; used as potherb or salad green and sometimes for potpourri or tea or flavoring; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
   • camphor dune tansy, tanacetum camphoratum - densely hairy plant with rayless flowers; San Francisco Bay area
   • chrysanthemum cinerariifolium, dalmatia pyrethrum, dalmatian pyrethrum, pyrethrum, tanacetum cinerariifolium - white-flowered pyrethrum of Balkan area whose pinnate leaves are white and silky-hairy below; source of an insecticide; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
   • chrysanthemum parthenium, feverfew, tanacetum parthenium - bushy aromatic European perennial herb having clusters of buttonlike white-rayed flower heads; valued traditionally for medicinal uses; sometimes placed in genus Chrysanthemum
   • blowball, dandelion - any of several herbs of the genus Taraxacum having long tap roots and deeply notched leaves and bright yellow flowers followed by fluffy seed balls
   • oyster plant, salsify, tragopogon porrifolius, vegetable oyster - Mediterranean biennial herb with long-stemmed heads of purple ray flowers and milky sap and long edible root; naturalized throughout United States
   • trilisa odoratissima, wild vanilla - perennial of southeastern United States with leaves having the fragrance of vanilla
   • corn mayweed, matricaria inodorum, scentless camomile, scentless false camomile, scentless hayweed, scentless mayweed, tripleurospermum inodorum - ubiquitous European annual weed with white flowers and finely divided leaves naturalized and sometimes cultivated in eastern North America; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
   • matricaria oreades, tripleurospermum oreades tchihatchewii, turfing daisy - mat-forming perennial herb of Asia Minor; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
   • matricaria tchihatchewii, tripleurospermum tchihatchewii, turfing daisy - low densely tufted perennial herb of Turkey having small white flowers; used as a ground cover in dry places; sometimes included in genus Matricaria
   • coltsfoot, tussilago farfara - perennial herb with large rounded leaves resembling a colt's foot and yellow flowers appearing before the leaves do; native to Europe but now nearly cosmopolitan; used medicinally especially formerly
   • ironweed, vernonia - any of various plants of the genus Vernonia of tropical and warm regions of especially North America that take their name from their loose heads of purple to rose flowers that quickly take on a rusty hue
   • loasa - any of various perennial South American plants of the genus Loasa having stinging hairs and showy white or yellow or reddish-orange flowers
   • bellflower, campanula - any of various plants of the genus Campanula having blue or white bell-shaped flowers
   • primrose, primula - any of numerous short-stemmed plants of the genus Primula having tufted basal leaves and showy flowers clustered in umbels or heads
   • pimpernel - any of several plants of the genus Anagallis
   • black saltwort, glaux maritima, sea milkwort, sea trifoly - a small fleshy herb common along North American seashores and in brackish marshes having pink or white flowers
   • loosestrife - any of various herbs and subshrubs of the genus Lysimachia
   • plumbago - any plumbaginaceous plant of the genus Plumbago
   • graminaceous plant, gramineous plant - cosmopolitan herbaceous or woody plants with hollow jointed stems and long narrow leaves
   • herbage, pasturage - succulent herbaceous vegetation of pasture land
   • bur reed - marsh plant having elongated linear leaves and round prickly fruit
   • lobelia - any plant or flower of the genus Lobelia
   • abelmoschus esculentus, gumbo, hibiscus esculentus, lady's-finger, okra, okra plant - tall coarse annual of Old World tropics widely cultivated in southern United States and West Indies for its long mucilaginous green pods used as basis for soups and stews; sometimes placed in genus Hibiscus
   • vegetable - any of various herbaceous plants cultivated for an edible part such as the fruit or the root of the beet or the leaf of spinach or the seeds of bean plants or the flower buds of broccoli or cauliflower
   • simple - any herbaceous plant having medicinal properties
   • beetleweed, coltsfoot, galax, galax urceolata, galaxy, wandflower - tufted evergreen perennial herb having spikes of tiny white flowers and glossy green round to heart-shaped leaves that become coppery to maroon or purplish in fall
   • pyrola, wintergreen - any of several evergreen perennials of the genus Pyrola
   • pipsissewa, prince's pine - any of several plants of the genus Chimaphila
   • moneses uniflora, one-flowered pyrola, one-flowered wintergreen, pyrola uniflora - delicate evergreen dwarf herb of north temperate regions having a solitary white terminal flower; sometimes placed in genus Pyrola
   • american columbo, american gentian, columbo, deer's-ear, deer's-ears, pyramid plant - any of various tall perennial herbs constituting the genus Frasera; widely distributed in warm dry upland areas of California, Oregon, and Washington
   • frasera speciosa, green gentian, swertia speciosa - tall herb with panicles of white flowers flushed with green; northwestern United States; sometimes placed in genus Swertia
   • marsh felwort, swertia perennia - perennial of damp places in mountains of Eurasia and North America having dull-colored blue or violet flowers
   • bloodwort - any of various plants of the family Haemodoraceae; roots contain a deep red coloring matter
   • anigozanthus manglesii, australian sword lily, kangaroo paw, kangaroo's paw, kangaroo's-foot, kangaroo-foot plant - sedgelike spring-flowering herb having clustered flowers covered with woolly hairs; Australia
   • willowherb - a plant of the genus Epilobium having pink or yellow flowers and seeds with silky hairs
   • evening primrose - any of several plants of the family Onagraceae
   • canna - any plant of the genus Canna having large sheathing leaves and clusters of large showy flowers
   • maranta - any of numerous herbs of the genus Maranta having tuberous starchy roots and large sheathing leaves
   • banana, banana tree - any of several tropical and subtropical treelike herbs of the genus Musa having a terminal crown of large entire leaves and usually bearing hanging clusters of elongated fruits
   • abyssinian banana, ensete ventricosum, ethiopian banana, musa ensete - large evergreen arborescent herb having huge paddle-shaped leaves and bearing inedible fruit that resemble bananas but edible young flower shoots; sometimes placed in genus Musa
   • bird of paradise, strelitzia reginae - ornamental plant of tropical South Africa and South America having stalks of orange and purplish-blue flowers resembling a bird
   • ginger - perennial plants having thick branching aromatic rhizomes and leafy reedlike stems
   • curcuma domestica, curcuma longa, turmeric - widely cultivated tropical plant of India having yellow flowers and a large aromatic deep yellow rhizome; source of a condiment and a yellow dye
   • aframomum melegueta, grains of paradise, guinea grains, guinea pepper, melagueta pepper - West African plant bearing pungent peppery seeds
   • cardamom, cardamon, elettaria cardamomum - rhizomatous herb of India having aromatic seeds used as seasoning
   • reseda - any plant of the genus Reseda
   • viola - any of the numerous plants of the genus Viola
   • bog hemp, false nettle - any of several flowering weeds of the genus Boehmeria lacking stinging hairs
   • parietaria difussa, pellitory, pellitory-of-the-wall, wall pellitory - herb that grows in crevices having long narrow leaves and small pink apetalous flowers
   • flame flower, flame-flower, flameflower, kniphofia, tritoma - a plant of the genus Kniphofia having long grasslike leaves and tall scapes of red or yellow drooping flowers
   • asparagus, asparagus officinales, edible asparagus - plant whose succulent young shoots are cooked and eaten as a vegetable
   • asparagus fern, asparagus plumosus, asparagus setaceous - a fernlike plant native to South Africa
   • aspidistra, aspidistra elatio, bar-room plant, cast-iron plant - evergreen perennial with large handsome basal leaves; grown primarily as a foliage houseplant
   • bowiea volubilis, climbing onion - much-branched leafless twining South African herb cultivated as an ornamental for its bright green stems growing from large aboveground bulbs
   • day lily, plantain lily - any of numerous perennials having mounds of sumptuous broad ribbed leaves and clusters of white, blue, or lilac flowers; used as ground cover
   • herb paris, paris quadrifolia - European herb with yellow-green flowers resembling and closely related to the trilliums; reputed to be poisonous
   • indian arrowroot, pia, tacca leontopetaloides, tacca pinnatifida - perennial herb of East Indies to Polynesia and Australia; cultivated for its large edible root yielding Otaheite arrowroot starch
   • flax - plant of the genus Linum that is cultivated for its seeds and for the fibers of its stem
   • cassia marilandica, senna marilandica, wild senna - North American perennial herb; leaves are used medicinally; sometimes placed in genus Cassia
   • anthyllis vulneraria, kidney vetch - perennial Eurasian herb having heads of red or yellow flowers and common in meadows and pastures; formerly used medicinally for kidney disorders
   • crotalaria, rattlebox - any of various plants of the genus Crotalaria having inflated pods within which the seeds rattle; used for pasture and green-manure crops
   • desmanthus ilinoensis, prairie mimosa, prickle-weed - perennial herb of North American prairies having dense heads of small white flowers
   • galega officinalis, goat rue, goat's rue - tall bushy European perennial grown for its pinnate foliage and slender spikes of blue flowers; sometimes used medicinally
   • glycyrrhiza glabra, licorice, liquorice - deep-rooted coarse-textured plant native to the Mediterranean region having blue flowers and pinnately compound leaves; widely cultivated in Europe for its long thick sweet roots
   • american licorice, american liquorice, glycyrrhiza lepidota, wild licorice, wild liquorice - North American plant similar to true licorice and having a root with similar properties
   • asparagus pea, lotus tetragonolobus, winged pea - sprawling European annual having a 4-winged edible pod
   • medic, medick, trefoil - any of several Old World herbs of the genus Medicago having small flowers and trifoliate compound leaves
   • esparcet, holy clover, onobrychis viciaefolia, onobrychis viciifolia, sainfoin, sanfoin - Eurasian perennial herb having pale pink flowers and curved pods; naturalized in Britain and North America grasslands on calcareous soils; important forage crop and source of honey in Britain
   • parochetus communis, shamrock pea - trailing trifoliate Asiatic and African herb having cobalt blue flowers
   • breadroot, indian breadroot, pomme blanche, pomme de prairie, psoralea esculenta - densely hairy perennial of central North America having edible tuberous roots
   • bush pea - any of various plants of the genus Thermopsis having trifoliate leaves and yellow or purple racemose flowers
   • bird's foot trefoil, trigonella ornithopodioides - Old World herb related to fenugreek
   • fenugreek, greek clover, trigonella foenumgraecum - annual herb or southern Europe and eastern Asia having off-white flowers and aromatic seeds used medicinally and in curry
   • plantain - any of numerous plants of the genus Plantago; mostly small roadside or dooryard weeds with elliptic leaves and small spikes of very small flowers; seeds of some used medicinally
   • buckwheat, fagopyrum esculentum, polygonum fagopyrum - a member of the genus Fagopyrum; annual Asian plant with clusters of small pinkish white flowers and small edible triangular seeds which are used whole or ground into flour
   • rhubarb, rhubarb plant - plants having long green or reddish acidic leafstalks growing in basal clumps; stems (and only the stems) are edible when cooked; leaves are poisonous
   • dock, sorrel, sour grass - any of certain coarse weedy plants with long taproots, sometimes used as table greens or in folk medicine
   • dayflower, spiderwort - any plant of the family Commelinaceae
   • ananas comosus, pineapple, pineapple plant - a tropical American plant bearing a large fleshy edible fruit with a terminal tuft of stiff leaves; widely cultivated in the tropics
   • agrimonia, agrimony - a plant of the genus Agrimonia having spikelike clusters of small yellow flowers
   • strawberry - any of various low perennial herbs with many runners and bearing white flowers followed by edible fruits having many small achenes scattered on the surface of an enlarged red pulpy berry
   • burnet bloodwort, pimpernel, poterium sanguisorba, salad burnet - European garden herb with purple-tinged flowers and leaves that are sometimes used for salads
   • bedstraw - any of several plants of the genus Galium
   • feverroot, horse gentian, tinker's root, triostium perfoliatum, wild coffee - coarse weedy American perennial herb with large usually perfoliate leaves and purple or dull red flowers
   • teasel, teasle, teazel - any of several herbs of the genus Dipsacus native to the Old World having flower heads surrounded by spiny bracts
   • celandine, impatiens capensis, jewelweed, lady's earrings, orange balsam, touch-me-not - North American annual plant with usually yellow or orange flowers; grows chiefly on wet rather acid soil
   • geranium - any of numerous plants of the family Geraniaceae
   • oxalis, sorrel, wood sorrel - any plant or flower of the genus Oxalis
   • herb of grace, rue, ruta graveolens - European strong-scented perennial herb with grey-green bitter-tasting leaves; an irritant similar to poison ivy
   • burning bush, dictamnus alba, dittany, fraxinella, gas plant - Eurasian perennial herb with white flowers that emit flammable vapor in hot weather
   • nasturtium - any tropical American plant of the genus Tropaeolum having pungent juice and long-spurred yellow to red flowers
   • carnivorous plant - plants adapted to attract and capture and digest primarily insects but also other small animals
   • australian pitcher plant, cephalotus follicularis - a carnivorous perennial herb having a green pitcher and hinged lid both with red edges; western Australia
   • sedum - any of various plants of the genus Sedum
   • breakstone, rockfoil, saxifrage - any of various plants of the genus Saxifraga
   • astilbe - any plant of the genus Astilbe having compound leaves and showy panicles of tiny colorful flowers
   • bergenia - any plant of the genus Bergenia; valued as an evergreen ground cover and for the spring blossoms
   • darmera peltata, indian rhubarb, peltiphyllum peltatum, umbrella plant - rhizomatous perennial herb with large dramatic peltate leaves and white to bright pink flowers in round heads on leafless stems; colonizes stream banks in the Sierra Nevada in California
   • alumbloom, alumroot - any of several herbs of the genus Heuchera
   • bishop's cap, miterwort, mitrewort - any of various rhizomatous perennial herbs of the genus Mitella having a capsule resembling a bishop's miter
   • suksdorfia - any of several American plants of the genus Suksdorfia having orbicular to kidney-shaped somewhat succulent leaves and white or rose or violet flowers in terminal panicles
   • coolwart, false miterwort, false mitrewort, foamflower, tiarella cordifolia - stoloniferous white-flowered spring-blooming woodland plant
   • pickaback plant, piggyback plant, tolmiea menziesii, youth-on-age - vigorous perennial herb with flowers in erect racemes and having young plants develop at the junction of a leaf blade and the leafstalk
   • polemonium - any plant of the genus Polemonium; most are low-growing often foul-smelling plants of temperate to Arctic regions
   • phlox - any polemoniaceous plant of the genus Phlox; chiefly North American; cultivated for their clusters of flowers
   • acanthus - any plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated
   • borage, borago officinalis, tailwort - hairy blue-flowered European annual herb long used in herbal medicine and eaten raw as salad greens or cooked like spinach
   • amsinckia intermedia, common amsinckia - annual of western United States with coiled spikes of yellow-orange coiled flowers
   • amsinckia grandiflora, large-flowered fiddleneck - annual of the western United States having large coiled flower spikes; a threatened species
   • anchusa - any of various Old World herbs of the genus Anchusa having one-sided clusters of trumpet-shaped flowers
   • chinese forget-me-not, cynoglossum amabile - biennial east Asian herb grown for its usually bright blue flowers
   • cynoglossum officinale, hound's-tongue - biennial shrub of Europe and western Asia having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and dark reddish-purple flowers
   • cynoglossum virginaticum, hound's-tongue - perennial shrub of North America having coarse tongue-shaped leaves and pale-blue to purple flowers
   • blue devil, blue thistle, blueweed, echium vulgare, viper's bugloss - a coarse prickly European weed with spikes of blue flowers; naturalized in United States
   • stickweed - any of several herbaceous plants having seeds that cling to clothing
   • gromwell, lithospermum officinale - European perennial branching plant; occurs in hedgerows and at the edge of woodlands
   • lithospermum caroliniense, puccoon - perennial plant of eastern North America having hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment
   • hoary puccoon, indian paint, lithospermum canescens - perennial North American plant with greyish hairy foliage yielding a red or yellow pigment
   • mertensia virginica, virginia bluebell, virginia cowslip - smooth erect herb of eastern North America having entire leaves and showy blue flowers that are pink in bud
   • garden forget-me-not, myosotis sylvatica - small biennial to perennial herb of Europe, northern Africa and western Asia having blue, purple or white flowers
   • forget-me-not, mouse ear, myosotis scorpiodes - small perennial herb having bright blue or white flowers
   • false gromwell - any of several North American perennial herbs with hairy foliage and small yellowish or greenish flowers
   • comfrey, cumfrey - perennial herbs of Europe and Iran; make rapidly growing groundcover for shaded areas
   • gesneria - any plant of the genus Gesneria
   • waterleaf - any of several plants of the genus Hydrophyllum
   • california yellow bells, emmanthe penduliflora, whispering bells, yellow bells - viscid herb of arid or desert habitats of southwestern United States having pendulous yellow flowers
   • nemophila - any plant of the genus Nemophila
   • baby blue-eyes, nemophila menziesii - delicate California annual having blue flowers marked with dark spots
   • fiesta flower, nemophila aurita, pholistoma auritum - straggling California annual herb with deep purple or violet flowers; sometimes placed in genus Nemophila
   • acinos arvensis, basil balm, basil thyme, mother of thyme, satureja acinos - fragrant European mint having clusters of small violet-and-white flowers; naturalized especially in eastern North America
   • giant hyssop - any of a number of aromatic plants of the genus Agastache
   • bugle, bugleweed - any of various low-growing annual or perennial evergreen herbs native to Eurasia; used for ground cover
   • ballota nigra, black archangel, black horehound, fetid horehound, stinking horehound - ill-smelling European herb with rugose leaves and whorls of dark purple flowers
   • wood mint - American herb of genus Blephilia with more or less hairy leaves and clusters of purplish or bluish flowers
   • calamint - perennial aromatic herbs growing in hedgerows or scrub or open woodlands from western Europe to central Asia and in North America
   • clinopodium vulgare, cushion calamint, satureja vulgaris, wild basil - aromatic herb having heads of small pink or whitish flowers; widely distributed in United States, Europe and Asia
   • collinsonia canadensis, horse balm, horseweed, richweed, stone root, stone-root, stoneroot - erect perennial strong-scented with serrate pointed leaves and a loose panicle of yellowish flowers; the eastern United States
   • coleus, flame nettle - any of various Old World tropical plants of the genus Coleus having multicolored decorative leaves and spikes of blue flowers
   • dracocephalum parviflorum, dragon's head, dragonhead - American herb having sharply serrate lanceolate leaves and spikes of blue to violet flowers
   • elsholtzia - any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Elsholtzia having blue or purple flowers in one-sided spikes
   • dead nettle, galeopsis tetrahit, hemp nettle - coarse bristly Eurasian plant with white or reddish flowers and foliage resembling that of a nettle; common as a weed in United States
   • american pennyroyal, hedeoma pulegioides, pennyroyal - erect hairy branching American herb having purple-blue flowers; yields an essential oil used as an insect repellent and sometimes in folk medicine
   • hyssop, hyssopus officinalis - a European mint with aromatic and pungent leaves used in perfumery and as a seasoning in cookery; often cultivated as a remedy for bruises; yields hyssop oil
   • dead nettle - any of various plants of the genus Lamium having clusters of small usually purplish flowers with two lips
   • cape dagga, dagga, leonotis leonurus, red dagga, wilde dagga - relatively nontoxic South African herb smoked like tobacco
   • leonotis nepetaefolia, leonotis nepetifolia, lion's-ear - pantropical herb having whorls of striking lipped flowers; naturalized in United States
   • leonurus cardiaca, motherwort - bitter Old World herb of hedgerows and woodland margins having toothed leaves and white or pale pink flowers
   • bugleweed, lycopus virginicus - a mildly narcotic and astringent aromatic herb having small whitish flowers; eastern United States
   • lycopus americanus, water horehound - aromatic perennial herb of United States
   • gipsywort, gypsywort, lycopus europaeus - hairy Eurasian herb with two-lipped white flowers
   • origanum - any of various fragrant aromatic herbs of the genus Origanum used as seasonings
   • horehound - any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Marrubium
   • bee balm, beebalm, garden balm, lemon balm, melissa officinalis, sweet balm - bushy perennial Old World mint having small white or yellowish flowers and fragrant lemon-flavored leaves; a garden escapee in northern Europe and North America
   • mint - any north temperate plant of the genus Mentha with aromatic leaves and small mauve flowers
   • micromeria chamissonis, micromeria douglasii, satureja douglasii, yerba buena - trailing perennial evergreen herb of northwestern United States with small white flowers; used medicinally
   • micromeria juliana, savory - dwarf aromatic shrub of Mediterranean regions
   • bells of ireland, molucca balm, molucella laevis - aromatic annual with a tall stems of small whitish flowers enclosed in a greatly enlarged saucer-shaped or bell-shaped calyx
   • monarda, wild bergamot - any of various aromatic herbs of the genus Monarda
   • monardella lanceolata, mustang mint - fragrant California annual herb having lanceolate leaves and clusters of rose-purple flowers
   • catmint, catnip, nepeta cataria - hairy aromatic perennial herb having whorls of small white purple-spotted flowers in a terminal spike; used in the past as a domestic remedy; strongly attractive to cats
   • basil - any of several Old World tropical aromatic annual or perennial herbs of the genus Ocimum
   • beefsteak plant, perilla frutescens crispa - plant grown for its ornamental red or purple foliage
   • physostegia - any of various plants of the genus Physostegia having sessile linear to oblong leaves and showy white or rose or lavender flowers
   • heal all, prunella vulgaris, self-heal - decumbent blue-flowered European perennial thought to possess healing properties; naturalized throughout North America
   • mountain mint - any of a number of perennial herbs of the genus Pycnanthemum; eastern North America and California
   • rosemary, rosmarinus officinalis - widely cultivated for its fragrant grey-green leaves used in cooking and in perfumery
   • sage, salvia - any of various plants of the genus Salvia; a cosmopolitan herb
   • savory - any of several aromatic herbs or subshrubs of the genus Satureja having spikes of flowers attractive to bees
   • helmetflower, skullcap - a herbaceous plant of the genus Scutellaria which has a calyx that, when inverted, resembles a helmet with its visor raised
   • blue pimpernel, blue skullcap, mad-dog skullcap, mad-dog weed, scutellaria lateriflora - an American mint that yields a resinous exudate used especially formerly as an antispasmodic
   • dead nettle, hedge nettle, stachys sylvatica - foul-smelling perennial Eurasiatic herb with a green creeping rhizome
   • hedge nettle, stachys palustris - perennial herb with an odorless rhizome widespread in moist places in northern hemisphere
   • thyme - any of various mints of the genus Thymus
   • martynia, martynia annua - sprawling annual or perennial herb of Central America and West Indies having creamy-white to red-purple bell-shaped flowers followed by unusual horned fruit
   • benne, benni, benny, sesame, sesamum indicum - East Indian annual erect herb; source of sesame seed or benniseed and sesame oil
   • common devil's claw, common unicorn plant, devil's claw, elephant-tusk, proboscidea louisianica, proboscis flower, ram's horn - annual of southern United States to Mexico having large whitish or yellowish flowers mottled with purple and a long curving beak
   • martynia arenaria, proboscidea arenaria, sand devil's claw - alternatively placed in genus Martynia
   • martynia fragrans, proboscidea fragrans, sweet unicorn plant - a herbaceous plant of the genus Proboscidea
   • aureolaria pedicularia, false foxglove, gerardia pedicularia - multi-stemmed North American annual having solitary axillary dark golden-yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia
   • aureolaria virginica, false foxglove, gerardia virginica - sparsely branched North American perennial with terminal racemes of bright yellow flowers resembling those of the foxglove; sometimes placed in genus Gerardia
   • digitalis, foxglove - any of several plants of the genus Digitalis
   • flannel leaf, mullein, velvet plant - any of various plants of the genus Verbascum having large usually woolly leaves and terminal spikes of yellow or white or purplish flowers
   • aubergine, brinjal, eggplant, eggplant bush, garden egg, mad apple, solanum melongena - hairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetable
   • atropa belladonna, belladonna, belladonna plant, deadly nightshade - perennial Eurasian herb with reddish bell-shaped flowers and shining black berries; extensively grown in United States; roots and leaves yield atropine
   • black henbane, henbane, hyoscyamus niger, stinking nightshade - poisonous fetid Old World herb having sticky hairy leaves and yellow-brown flowers; yields hyoscyamine and scopolamine
   • egyptian henbane, hyoscyamus muticus - poisonous herb whose leaves are a source of hyoscyamine
   • love apple, lycopersicon esculentum, tomato, tomato plant - native to South America; widely cultivated in many varieties
   • devil's apples, mandragora officinarum, mandrake - a plant of southern Europe and North Africa having purple flowers, yellow fruits and a forked root formerly thought to have magical powers
   • apple of peru, nicandra physaloides, shoo fly - coarse South American herb grown for its blue-and-white flowers followed by a bladderlike fruit enclosing a dry berry
   • tobacco, tobacco plant - aromatic annual or perennial herbs and shrubs
   • cupflower, nierembergia - any of various plants of the genus Nierembergia having upturned bell-shaped flowers
   • ground cherry, husk tomato - any of numerous cosmopolitan annual or perennial herbs of the genus Physalis bearing edible fleshy berries enclosed in a bladderlike husk; some cultivated for their flowers
   • salpiglossis - any plant of the genus Salpiglossis
   • scopolia carniolica - herb that is a source of scopolamine
   • boys-and-girls, herb mercury, herbs mercury, mercurialis annua - Eurafrican annual naturalized in America as a weed; formerly dried for use as a purgative, diuretic or antisyphilitic
   • dog mercury, dog's mercury, mercurialis perennis - European perennial weedy plant with greenish flowers
   • cnidoscolus urens, devil nettle, jatropha stimulosus, jatropha urens, pica-pica, spurge nettle, tread-softly - a stinging herb of tropical America
   • umbellifer, umbelliferous plant - any of numerous aromatic herbs of the family Umbelliferae
   • anethum graveolens, dill - aromatic Old World herb having aromatic threadlike foliage and seeds used as seasoning
   • angelica, angelique - any of various tall and stout herbs of the genus Angelica having pinnately compound leaves and small white or greenish flowers in compound umbels
   • anthriscus cereifolium, beaked parsley, chervil - aromatic annual Old World herb cultivated for its finely divided and often curly leaves for use especially in soups and salads
   • anthriscus sylvestris, cow parsley, wild chervil - coarse erect biennial Old World herb introduced as a weed in eastern North America
   • apium graveolens, wild celery - herb of Europe and temperate Asia
   • apium graveolens dulce, celery, cultivated celery - widely cultivated herb with aromatic leaf stalks that are eaten raw or cooked
   • apium graveolens rapaceum, celeriac, celery root, knob celery, root celery, turnip-rooted celery - grown for its thickened edible aromatic root
   • astrantia, masterwort - any plant of the genus Astrantia
   • caraway, carum carvi - a Eurasian plant with small white flowers yielding caraway seed
   • conopodium denudatum, earthnut - a common European plant having edible tubers with the flavor of roasted chestnuts
   • chinese parsley, cilantro, coriander, coriander plant, coriandrum sativum - Old World herb with aromatic leaves and seed resembling parsley
   • cumin, cuminum cyminum - dwarf Mediterranean annual long cultivated for its aromatic seeds
   • carrot, cultivated carrot, daucus carota sativa - perennial plant widely cultivated as an annual in many varieties for its long conical orange edible roots; temperate and tropical regions
   • button snakeroot, eryngium aquaticum - coarse prickly perennial eryngo with aromatic roots; southeastern United States; often confused with rattlesnake master
   • fennel - any of several aromatic herbs having edible seeds and leaves and stems
   • cow parsnip, heracleum sphondylium, hogweed - tall coarse plant having thick stems and cluster of white to purple flowers
   • levisticum officinale, lovage - herb native to southern Europe; cultivated for its edible stalks and foliage and seeds
   • myrrhis odorata, sweet cicely - European herb with soft ferny leaves and white flowers
   • parsnip, pastinaca sativa - a strong-scented plant cultivated for its edible root
   • parsley, petroselinum crispum - annual or perennial herb with aromatic leaves
   • anise, anise plant, pimpinella anisum - native to Egypt but cultivated widely for its aromatic seeds and the oil from them used medicinally and as a flavoring in cookery
   • sanicle, snakeroot - a plant of the genus Sanicula having palmately compound leaves and unisexual flowers in panicled umbels followed by bristly fruit; reputed to have healing powers
   • moon carrot, stone parsley - any plant of the genus Seseli having dense umbels of small white or pink flowers and finely divided foliage
   • sison amomum, stone parsley - a slender roadside herb of western Europe and Mediterranean areas that has foliage resembling parsley and has white flowers with aromatic seeds
   • alexander, alexanders, black lovage, horse parsley, smyrnium olusatrum - European herb somewhat resembling celery widely naturalized in Britain coastal regions and often cultivated as a potherb
   • corn salad - a plant of the genus Valerianella
   • wort - usually used in combination: `liverwort'; `milkwort'; `whorlywort'
   • peperomia - any of various plants of the genus Peperomia; grown primarily for their often succulent foliage
   • anemopsis californica, yerba mansa - stoloniferous herb of southwestern United States and Mexico having a pungent rootstock and small spicate flowers with white bracts suggesting an anemone
   • asclepiad - any plant of the family Asclepiadaceae
   • milkweed, silkweed - any of numerous plants of the genus Asclepias having milky juice and pods that split open releasing seeds with downy tufts
   • carrion flower, stapelia, starfish flower - any of various plants of the genus Stapelia having succulent leafless toothed stems resembling cacti and large foul-smelling (often star-shaped) flowers
   has: veg, vegetable, veggie - edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant
   same as: herb

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