pathology

Noun
  1. The branch of medical science that studies the causes and nature and effects of diseases (synset 106070395)
    associated with:
    • spasm - (pathology) sudden constriction of a hollow organ (as a blood vessel)
    • strangulation - (pathology) constriction of a body part so as to cut off the flow of blood or other fluid
    • jactation, jactitation - (pathology) extremely restless tossing and twitching usually by a person with a severe illness
    • nebula - (pathology) a faint cloudy spot on the cornea
    • verruca, wart - (pathology) a firm abnormal elevated blemish on the skin; caused by a virus
    • plaque - (pathology) a small abnormal patch on or inside the body
    • bleb, blister, bulla - (pathology) an elevation of the skin filled with serous fluid
    • excrescence - (pathology) an abnormal outgrowth or enlargement of some part of the body
    • shock - (pathology) bodily collapse or near collapse caused by inadequate oxygen delivery to the cells; characterized by reduced cardiac output and rapid heartbeat and circulatory insufficiency and pallor
    • insufficiency - (pathology) inability of a bodily part or organ to function normally
    • growth - (pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
    • cold gangrene, dry gangrene, mumification necrosis, mummification - (pathology) gangrene that develops in the presence of arterial obstruction and is characterized by dryness of the dead tissue and a dark brown color
    • clostridial myonecrosis, emphysematous gangrene, emphysematous phlegmon, gangrenous emphysema, gas gangrene, gas phlegmon, progressive emphysematous necrosis - (pathology) a deadly form of gangrene usually caused by clostridium bacteria that produce toxins that cause tissue death; can be used as a bioweapon
    • irritation - (pathology) abnormal sensitivity to stimulation
    • amyloid - (pathology) a waxy translucent complex protein resembling starch that results from degeneration of tissue
    • incubation - (pathology) the phase in the development of an infection between the time a pathogen enters the body and the time the first symptoms appear
    • active - tending to become more severe or wider in scope
    • inactive - (pathology) not progressing or increasing; or progressing slowly
    • indolent - (of tumors, e.g.) slow to heal or develop and usually painless
    • latent - (pathology) not presently active
    • quiescent - (pathology) causing no symptoms
    • functional - involving or affecting function rather than physiology
    • organic - involving or affecting physiology or bodily organs
    • specific - being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition; used also of stains or dyes used in making microscope slides
    • nonspecific - not caused by a specific agent; used also of staining in making microscope slides
    • stenosed, stenotic - abnormally constricted body canal or passage
    • irritable - abnormally sensitive to a stimulus
    • fistular, fistulate, fistulous - hollow and tube-shaped like a reed
    • benign - not dangerous to health; not recurrent or progressive (especially of a tumor)
    • malignant - dangerous to health; characterized by progressive and uncontrolled growth (especially of a tumor)
    is a type of: medical science - the science of dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention and treatment of disease
    subtypes: palaeopathology, paleopathology - the study of disease of former times (as inferred from fossil evidence)
  2. Any deviation from a healthy or normal condition (synset 114228432)
    is a type of: health problem, ill health, unhealthiness - a state in which you are unable to function normally and without pain
    subtypes:
    • acidosis - abnormally high acidity (excess hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues
    • alkalosis - abnormally high alkalinity (low hydrogen-ion concentration) of the blood and other body tissues
    • anchylosis, ankylosis - abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of a joint
    • arteriectasia, arteriectasis - an abnormal distension of an artery
    • arthropathy - a pathology or abnormality of a joint
    • asynergia, asynergy - absence of coordination of organs or body parts that usually work together harmoniously
    • asystole, cardiac arrest, cardiopulmonary arrest - absence of systole; failure of the ventricles of the heart to contract (usually caused by ventricular fibrillation) with consequent absence of the heart beat leading to oxygen lack and eventually to death
    • diverticulosis - presence of multiple diverticula in the walls of the colon
    • flux - excessive discharge of liquid from a cavity or organ (as in watery diarrhea)
    • fluorosis - a pathological condition resulting from an excessive intake of fluorine (usually from drinking water)
    • gammopathy - a disturbance in the synthesis of immunoglobulins; proteins having antibody activity increase greatly in the blood
    • glossolalia - repetitive nonmeaningful speech (especially that associated with a trance state or religious fervor)
    • angiopathy - any disease of the blood vessels or lymph ducts
    • aphagia - loss of the ability to swallow
    • stenosis, stricture - abnormal narrowing of a bodily canal or passageway
    • atherogenesis - the formation of atheromas on the walls of the arteries as in atherosclerosis
    • ascites - accumulation of serous fluid in peritoneal cavity
    • azymia - absence of an enzyme
    • bacteremia, bacteriaemia, bacteriemia - transient presence of bacteria (or other microorganisms) in the blood
    • induration, sclerosis - any pathological hardening or thickening of tissue
    • lipomatosis - pathology in which fat accumulates in lipomas in the body
    • lithiasis - the formation of stones (calculi) in an internal organ
    • cartilaginification - abnormal formation of cartilage from other tissues; observed in some Asians
    • cyst - a closed sac that develops abnormally in some body structure
    • adenomyosis, endometriosis - the presence of endometrium elsewhere than in the lining of the uterus; causes premenstrual pain and dysmenorrhea
    • adhesion - abnormal union of bodily tissues; most common in the abdomen
    • bronzed diabetes, hemochromatosis, iron overload, iron-storage disease - pathology in which iron accumulates in the tissues; characterized by bronzed skin and enlarged liver and diabetes mellitus and abnormalities of the pancreas and the joints
    • infarct, infarction - localized necrosis resulting from obstruction of the blood supply
    • macrocytosis - the presence of macrocytes in the blood
    • fibrosis - development of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ
    • malacia - a state of abnormal softening of tissue
    • mastopathy, mazopathy - any pathology of the breast
    • neuropathy - any pathology of the peripheral nerves
    • myopathy - any pathology of the muscles that is not attributable to nerve dysfunction
    • osteoporosis - abnormal loss of bony tissue resulting in fragile porous bones attributable to a lack of calcium; most common in postmenopausal women
    • priapism - condition in which the penis is continually erect; usually painful and seldom with sexual arousal
    • demineralisation, demineralization - abnormal loss of mineral salts (especially from bone)
    • pyorrhea, pyorrhoea - discharge of pus
    • azotaemia, azotemia, uraemia, uremia - accumulation in the blood of nitrogenous waste products (urea) that are usually excreted in the urine
    • azoturia - excess of urea in the urine
    • lesion - any localized abnormal structural change in a bodily part
    • lymphadenopathy - chronic abnormal enlargement of the lymph nodes (usually associated with disease)
    • gangrene, slough, sphacelus - necrotic tissue; a mortified or gangrenous part or mass
    • hyperbilirubinemia - abnormally high amounts of bile pigment (bilirubin) in the blood
    • palilalia - a pathological condition in which a word is rapidly and involuntarily repeated
    • reflux - an abnormal backward flow of body fluids
    • otorrhea - discharge from the external ear
    • rhinopathy - any disease or malformation of the nose
    • hydronephrosis - accumulation of urine in the kidney because of an obstruction in the ureter
    • atelectasis - collapse of an expanded lung (especially in infants); also failure of pulmonary alveoli to expand at birth
    • anoxemia - abnormally low oxygen content in arterial blood
    • coprolalia - an uncontrollable use of obscene language; often accompanied by mental disorders
    • autoimmunity - production of antibodies against the tissues of your own body; produces autoimmune disease or hypersensitivity reactions
    • disfunction, dysfunction - (medicine) any disturbance in the functioning of an organ or body part or a disturbance in the functioning of a social group
    • sarcoidosis - a chronic disease of unknown cause marked by the formation of nodules in the lungs and liver and lymph glands and salivary glands
    • carotenemia, xanthemia - excess carotene in the blood stream; can cause the skin to turn a pale yellow or red color
    • stasis - an abnormal state in which the normal flow of a liquid (such as blood) is slowed or stopped
    • uropathy - any pathology of the urinary tract
    • varicosis - pathological condition of being varicose or having varicose veins
    • viraemia, viremia - the presence of a virus in the blood stream
    • volvulus - abnormal twisting of the intestines (usually in the area of the ileum or sigmoid colon) resulting in intestinal obstruction

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