philosophy

Noun
  1. A belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school (synset 105952149)
    is a type of: belief - any cognitive content held as true
    subtypes:
    • nuclear deterrence - the military doctrine that an enemy will be deterred from using nuclear weapons as long as he can be destroyed as a consequence
    • cabalism, kabbalism - the doctrines of the Kabbalah
    • abolitionism - the doctrine that calls for the abolition of slavery
    • absolutism - the doctrine of an absolute being
    • amoralism - the doctrine that moral distinctions are invalid
    • animalism - the doctrine that human beings are purely animal in nature and lacking a spiritual nature
    • animism - the doctrine that all natural objects and the universe itself have souls
    • antiestablishmentarianism, antiestablishmentism - the doctrine of opposition to the social and political establishment
    • asceticism - the doctrine that through renunciation of worldly pleasures it is possible to achieve a high spiritual or intellectual state
    • contextualism - any doctrine emphasizing the importance of the context in solving problems or establishing the meaning of terms
    • creationism - the literal belief in the account of Creation given in the Book of Genesis
    • credo, creed - any system of principles or beliefs
    • divine right, divine right of kings - the doctrine that kings derive their right to rule directly from God and are not accountable to their subjects; rebellion is the worst of political crimes
    • dogma - a doctrine or code of beliefs accepted as authoritative
    • dualism - the doctrine that reality consists of two basic opposing elements, often taken to be mind and matter (or mind and body), or good and evil
    • dynamism - any of the various theories or doctrines or philosophical systems that attempt to explain the phenomena of the universe in terms of some immanent force or energy
    • epicureanism - a doctrine of hedonism that was defended by several ancient Greek philosophers
    • establishmentarianism, establishmentism - the doctrine of supporting the social or political establishment
    • ethicism - a doctrine that ethics and ethical ideas are valid and important
    • expansionism - the doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a country
    • formalism - the doctrine that formal structure rather than content is what should be represented
    • functionalism - any doctrine that stresses utility or purpose
    • girondism - the doctrine of the Girondists
    • gospel - a doctrine that is believed to be of great importance
    • gymnosophy - the doctrine of a sect of Hindu philosophers who practiced nudity and asceticism and meditation
    • imitation - the doctrine that representations of nature or human behavior should be accurate imitations
    • individualism, laissez faire - the doctrine that government should not interfere in commercial affairs
    • internationalism - the doctrine that nations should cooperate because their common interests are more important than their differences
    • unilateralism - the doctrine that nations should conduct their foreign affairs individualistically without the advice or involvement of other nations
    • irredentism, irridentism - the doctrine that irredenta should be controlled by the country to which they are ethnically or historically related
    • literalism - the doctrine of realistic (literal) portrayal in art or literature
    • democracy, majority rule - the doctrine that the numerical majority of an organized group can make decisions binding on the whole group
    • monism - the doctrine that reality consists of a single basic substance or element
    • multiculturalism - the doctrine that several different cultures (rather than one national culture) can coexist peacefully and equitably in a single country
    • nationalism - the doctrine that your national culture and interests are superior to any other
    • nationalism - the doctrine that nations should act independently (rather than collectively) to attain their goals
    • nihilism - a revolutionary doctrine that advocates destruction of the social system for its own sake
    • pacificism, pacifism, passivism - the doctrine that all violence is unjustifiable
    • pluralism - the doctrine that reality consists of several basic substances or elements
    • populism - the political doctrine that supports the rights and powers of the common people in their struggle with the privileged elite
    • presentism - the doctrine that the Scripture prophecies of the Apocalypse (as in the Book of Revelations) are presently in the course of being fulfilled
    • freethinking, rationalism - the doctrine that reason is the right basis for regulating conduct
    • reformism - a doctrine of reform
    • humanism, secular humanism - the doctrine emphasizing a person's capacity for self-realization through reason; rejects religion and the supernatural
    • humanism, humanitarianism - the doctrine that people's duty is to promote human welfare
    • egalitarianism, equalitarianism - the doctrine of the equality of mankind and the desirability of political and economic and social equality
    • feminism - a doctrine that advocates equal rights for women
    • reincarnationism - a doctrine that on the death of the body the soul migrates to or is born again in another body
    • secessionism - a doctrine that maintains the right of secession
    • secularism - a doctrine that rejects religion and religious considerations
    • phenomenology - a philosophical doctrine proposed by Edmund Husserl based on the study of human experience in which considerations of objective reality are not taken into account
    • philosophical doctrine, philosophical theory - a doctrine accepted by adherents to a philosophy
    • states' rights - a doctrine that federal powers should be curtailed and returned to the individual states
    • commandment, precept, teaching - a doctrine that is taught
    • theological doctrine - the doctrine of a religious group
    • utilitarianism - doctrine that the useful is the good; especially as elaborated by Jeremy Bentham and James Mill; the aim was said to be the greatest happiness for the greatest number
    • descriptivism - (linguistics) a doctrine supporting or promoting descriptive linguistics
    • descriptivism - (ethics) a doctrine holding that moral statements have a truth value
    • prescriptivism - (linguistics) a doctrine supporting or promoting prescriptive linguistics
    • prescriptivism - (ethics) a doctrine holding that moral statements prescribe appropriate attitudes and behavior
    • church doctrine, creed, gospel, religious doctrine - the written body of teachings of a religious group that are generally accepted by that group
    • millennium - (New Testament) in Revelations it is foretold that those faithful to Jesus will reign with Jesus over the earth for a thousand years; the meaning of these words have been much debated; some denominations (e.g. Jehovah's Witnesses) expect it to be a thousand years of justice and peace and happiness
    same as: doctrine, ism, philosophical system, school of thought
  2. The rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics (synset 106168062)
    associated with:
    • aesthetic, esthetic - (philosophy) a philosophical theory as to what is beautiful
    • aristotelianism, peripateticism - (philosophy) the philosophy of Aristotle that deals with logic and metaphysics and ethics and poetics and politics and natural science
    • deconstruction, deconstructionism - a philosophical theory of criticism (usually of literature or film) that seeks to expose deep-seated contradictions in a work by delving below its surface meaning
    • empiricism, empiricist philosophy, sensationalism - (philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience
    • existential philosophy, existentialism, existentialist philosophy - (philosophy) a 20th-century philosophical movement chiefly in Europe; assumes that people are entirely free and thus responsible for what they make of themselves
    • determinism - (philosophy) a philosophical theory holding that all events are inevitable consequences of antecedent sufficient causes; often understood as denying the possibility of free will
    • formalism - (philosophy) the philosophical theory that formal (logical or mathematical) statements have no meaning but that its symbols (regarded as physical entities) exhibit a form that has useful applications
    • idealism - (philosophy) the philosophical theory that ideas are the only reality
    • intuitionism - (philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired primarily by intuition
    • logicism - (philosophy) the philosophical theory that all of mathematics can be derived from formal logic
    • materialism, physicalism - (philosophy) the philosophical theory that matter is the only reality
    • mechanism - (philosophy) the philosophical theory that all phenomena can be explained in terms of physical or biological causes
    • mentalism - (philosophy) a doctrine that mind is the true reality and that objects exist only as aspects of the mind's awareness
    • nativism - (philosophy) the philosophical theory that some ideas are innate
    • naturalism - (philosophy) the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific terms without recourse to spiritual or supernatural explanations
    • nominalism - (philosophy) the doctrine that the various objects labeled by the same term have nothing in common but their name
    • operationalism - (philosophy) the doctrine that the meaning of a proposition consists of the operations involved in proving or applying it
    • platonism, realism - (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that abstract concepts exist independent of their names
    • pragmatism - (philosophy) the doctrine that practical consequences are the criteria of knowledge and meaning and value
    • probabilism - (philosophy) the doctrine that (since certainty is unattainable) probability is a sufficient basis for belief and action
    • rationalism - (philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge is acquired by reason without resort to experience
    • naive realism, realism - (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that physical objects continue to exist when not perceived
    • relativism - (philosophy) the philosophical doctrine that all criteria of judgment are relative to the individuals and situations involved
    • semiology, semiotics - (philosophy) a philosophical theory of the functions of signs and symbols
    • sensationalism, sensualism - (philosophy) the ethical doctrine that feeling is the only criterion for what is good
    • solipsism - (philosophy) the philosophical theory that the self is all that you know to exist
    • stoicism - (philosophy) the philosophical system of the Stoics following the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno
    • subjectivism - (philosophy) the doctrine that knowledge and value are dependent on and limited by your subjective experience
    • teleology - (philosophy) a doctrine explaining phenomena by their ends or purposes
    • vitalism - (philosophy) a doctrine that life is a vital principle distinct from physics and chemistry
    • final cause - (philosophy) the end or purpose of a thing or process
    • philosopher - a specialist in philosophy
    • immanent, subjective - of a mental act performed entirely within the mind
    • transeunt, transient - of a mental act; causing effects outside the mind
    • dianoetic, discursive - proceeding to a conclusion by reason or argument rather than intuition
    • presentational - of or relating to a presentation (especially in psychology or philosophy)
    is a type of: arts, humanistic discipline, humanities, liberal arts - studies intended to provide general knowledge and intellectual skills (rather than occupational or professional skills)
    subtypes:
    • ethics, moral philosophy - the philosophical study of moral values and rules
    • aetiology, etiology - the philosophical study of causation
    • aesthetics, esthetics - (art) the branch of philosophy dealing with beauty and taste (emphasizing the evaluative criteria that are applied to art)
    • axiology - the study of values and value judgments
    • jurisprudence, law, legal philosophy - the branch of philosophy concerned with the law and the principles that lead courts to make the decisions they do
    • metaphysics - the philosophical study of being and knowing
    • dialectic - any formal system of reasoning that arrives at the truth by the exchange of logical arguments
    • logic - the branch of philosophy that analyzes inference
    • epistemology - the philosophical theory of knowledge
    • transcendental philosophy, transcendentalism - any system of philosophy emphasizing the intuitive and spiritual above the empirical and material
  3. Any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation (synset 105953535)
    "self-indulgence was his only philosophy"; "my father's philosophy of child-rearing was to let mother do it"
    is a type of: belief - any cognitive content held as true

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