logic

Noun
  1. The branch of philosophy that analyzes inference (synset 106173467)
    associated with:
    • consistency - (logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that none of the propositions deducible from the axioms contradict one another
    • completeness - (logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that a contradiction arises if any proposition is introduced that cannot be derived from the axioms of the system
    • corollary - (logic) an inference that follows directly from the proof of another proposition
    • non sequitur - (logic) a conclusion that does not follow from the premises
    • arity - the number of arguments that a function can take
    • logical quantifier, quantifier - (logic) a word (such as `some' or `all' or `no') that binds the variables in a logical proposition
    • subject - (logic) the first term of a proposition
    • predicate - (logic) what is predicated of the subject of a proposition; the second term in a proposition is predicated of the first term by means of the copula
    • proof - a formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it
    • paradox - (logic) a statement that contradicts itself
    • postulation, predication - (logic) a declaration of something self-evident; something that can be assumed as the basis for argument
    • explanandum, explicandum - (logic) a statement of something (a fact or thing or expression) to be explained
    • explanans - (logic) statements that explain the explicandum; the explanatory premises
    • proposition - (logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false
    • particular, particular proposition - (logic) a proposition that asserts something about some (but not all) members of a class
    • universal, universal proposition - (logic) a proposition that asserts something of all members of a class
    • negation - (logic) a proposition that is true if and only if another proposition is false
    • posit, postulate - (logic) a proposition that is accepted as true in order to provide a basis for logical reasoning
    • axiom - (logic) a proposition that is not susceptible of proof or disproof; its truth is assumed to be self-evident
    • tautology - (logic) a statement that is necessarily true
    • contradiction, contradiction in terms - (logic) a statement that is necessarily false
    • logic operation, logical operation - an operation that follows the rules of symbolic logic
    • logical relation - a relation between propositions
    • transitivity - (logic and mathematics) a relation between three elements such that if it holds between the first and second and it also holds between the second and third it must necessarily hold between the first and third
    • reflexiveness, reflexivity - (logic and mathematics) a relation such that it holds between an element and itself
    • quantify - use as a quantifier
    • presuppose, suppose - require as a necessary antecedent or precondition
    • analytic, analytical - of a proposition that is necessarily true independent of fact or experience
    • synthetic, synthetical - of a proposition whose truth value is determined by observation or facts
    • extensional - defining a word by listing the class of entities to which the word correctly applies
    • intensional - used of the set of attributes that distinguish the referents of a given word
    • inductive - of reasoning; proceeding from particular facts to a general conclusion
    • inferential - of reasoning; proceeding from general premisses to a necessary and specific conclusion
    • nonmonotonic - not monotonic
    • interchangeable - (mathematics, logic) such that the arguments or roles can be interchanged
    • noninterchangeable - such that the terms of an expression cannot be interchanged without changing the meaning
    • apodeictic, apodictic - of a proposition; necessarily true or logically certain
    • categorematic - of a term or phrase capable of standing as the subject or (especially) the predicate of a proposition
    • syncategorematic - of a term that cannot stand as the subject or (especially) the predicate of a proposition but must be used in conjunction with other terms
    • scopal - of or relating to scope
    is a type of: philosophy - the rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics
    subtypes: modal logic - the logical study of necessity and possibility
  2. Reasoned and reasonable judgment (synset 105622811)
    "it made a certain kind of logic"
    is a type of: common sense, good sense, gumption, horse sense, mother wit, sense - sound practical judgment
  3. The principles that guide reasoning within a given field or situation (synset 105880240)
    "economic logic requires it"; "by the logic of war"
    is a type of: principle - a basic truth or law or assumption
  4. The system of operations performed by a computer that underlies the machine's representation of logical operations (synset 106142469)
    referred to in: computer science, computing - the branch of engineering science that studies (with the aid of computers) computable processes and structures
    is a type of: system, system of rules - a complex of methods or rules governing behavior
  5. A system of reasoning (synset 105671913)
    associated with:
    is a type of: system, system of rules - a complex of methods or rules governing behavior
    subtypes:
    same as: logical system, system of logic

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