penalty

1. The act of punishing (synset 101162829)
   is a type of: social control - control exerted (actively or passively) by group action
   subtypes:

   • castigation, chastisement - verbal punishment
   • corporal punishment - the infliction of physical injury on someone convicted of committing a crime
   • cruel and unusual punishment - punishment prohibited by the 8th amendment to the U.S. Constitution; includes torture or degradation or punishment too severe for the crime committed
   • detention - a punishment in which a student must stay at school after others have gone home
   • correction, discipline - the act of disciplining
   • economic strangulation - punishment of a group by cutting off commercial dealings with them
   • imprisonment - putting someone in prison or in jail as lawful punishment
   • medicine, music - punishment for one's actions
   • self-punishment - punishment inflicted on yourself
   • stick - threat of a penalty
   • penance, self-abasement, self-mortification - voluntary self-punishment in order to atone for some wrongdoing
   same as: penalisation, penalization, punishment
2. A payment required for not fulfilling a contract (synset 113321578)
   is a type of: payment - a sum of money paid or a claim discharged
   subtypes:

   • requital, retribution - a justly deserved penalty
   • forfeit, forfeiture - a penalty for a fault or mistake that involves losing or giving up something
   • amercement, fine, mulct - money extracted as a penalty
3. The disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition (synset 105172372)
   "neglected his health and paid the penalty"
   is a type of: disadvantage - the quality of having an inferior or less favorable position
4. (games) a handicap or disadvantage that is imposed on a competitor (or a team) for an infraction of the rules of the game (synset 105170716)
   referred to in: game - a contest with rules to determine a winner
   is a type of: handicap - advantage given to a competitor to equalize chances of winning
   subtypes: game misconduct - (ice hockey) a penalty that suspends a player for the remainder of a game (but allows the team to send in a substitute for the suspended player)

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