tzar

1. A male monarch or emperor (especially of Russia prior to 1917) (synset 110006777)
   domain region: russia - a former empire in eastern Europe and northern Asia created in the 14th century with Moscow as the capital; powerful in the 17th and 18th centuries under Peter the Great and Catherine the Great when Saint Petersburg was the capital; overthrown by revolution in 1917
   is a type of: crowned head, monarch, sovereign - a nation's ruler or head of state usually by hereditary right
   specific instances:

   • aleksandr pavlovich, alexander i, czar alexander i - the czar of Russia whose plans to liberalize the government of Russia were unrealized because of the wars with Napoleon (1777-1825)
   • alexander ii, alexander the liberator, czar alexander ii - the son of Nicholas I who, as czar of Russia, introduced reforms that included limited emancipation of the serfs (1818-1881)
   • alexander iii, czar alexander iii - son of Alexander II who was czar of Russia (1845-1894)
   • boris fyodorovich godunov, boris godunov, godunov - czar of Russia (1551-1605)
   • ivan iv, ivan iv vasilievich, ivan the terrible - the first czar of Russia (1530-1584)
   • czar nicholas i, nicholas i - czar of Russia from 1825 to 1855 who led Russia into the Crimean War (1796-1855)
   • nicholas ii - the last czar of Russia who was forced to abdicate in 1917 by the Russian Revolution; he and his family were executed by the Bolsheviks (1868-1918)
   • czar peter i, peter i, peter the great - czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government; he extended his territories in the Baltic and founded St. Petersburg (1682-1725)
   same as: czar, tsar

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