medicine

1. The branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques (synset 106052606)
   associated with:

   • emergency procedure - (medicine) a procedure adopted to meet an emergency (especially a medical emergency)
   • infusion - (medicine) the passive introduction of a substance (a fluid or drug or electrolyte) into a vein or between tissues (as by gravitational force)
   • medicine, practice of medicine - the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries
   • uranalysis, urinalysis - (medicine) the chemical analysis of urine (for medical diagnosis)
   • scatology - (medicine) the chemical analysis of excrement (for medical diagnosis or for paleontological purposes)
   • therapy - (medicine) the act of caring for someone (as by medication or remedial training etc.)
   • irrigation - (medicine) cleaning a wound or body organ by flushing or washing out with water or a medicated solution
   • bloodletting - formerly used as a treatment to reduce excess blood (one of the four humors of medieval medicine)
   • actinotherapy, irradiation, radiation, radiation therapy, radiotherapy - (medicine) the treatment of disease (especially cancer) by exposure to a radioactive substance
   • imaging, tomography - (medicine) obtaining pictures of the interior of the body
   • venipuncture - (medicine) puncture of a vein through the skin in order to withdraw blood for analysis or to start an intravenous drip or to inject medication or a radiopaque dye
   • monster, teras - (medicine) a grossly malformed and usually nonviable fetus
   • gauze, gauze bandage - (medicine) bleached cotton cloth of plain weave used for bandages and dressings
   • medicament, medication, medicinal drug, medicine - (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease
   • balm, ointment, salve, unction, unguent - semisolid preparation (usually containing a medicine) applied externally as a remedy or for soothing an irritation
   • percussor, plessor, plexor - (medicine) a small hammer with a rubber head used in percussive examinations of the chest and in testing reflexes
   • truss - (medicine) a bandage consisting of a pad and belt; worn to hold a hernia in place by pressure
   • achromia - an absence of normal pigmentation especially in the skin (as in albinism) or in red blood cells
   • succedaneum - (medicine) something that can be used as a substitute (especially any medicine that may be taken in place of another)
   • regime, regimen - (medicine) a systematic plan for therapy (often including diet)
   • germ theory - (medicine) the theory that all contagious diseases are caused by microorganisms
   • indication - (medicine) a reason to prescribe a drug or perform a procedure
   • contraindication - (medicine) a reason that makes it inadvisable to prescribe a particular drug or employ a particular procedure or treatment
   • invasion - (pathology) the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the body
   • carrier, immune carrier - (medicine) a person (or animal) who has some pathogen to which he is immune but who can pass it on to others
   • clinician - a practitioner (of medicine or psychology) who does clinical work instead of laboratory experiments
   • donor - (medicine) someone who gives blood or tissue or an organ to be used in another person (the host)
   • host - (medicine) recipient of transplanted tissue or organ from a donor
   • rejection - (medicine) an immunological response that refuses to accept substances or organisms that are recognized as foreign
   • license fee, license tax, licensing fee - a fee paid to the government for the privilege of being licensed to do something (as selling liquor or practicing medicine)
   • chelation - (medicine) the process of removing a heavy metal from the bloodstream by means of a chelate as in treating lead or mercury poisoning
   • festering, maturation, suppuration - (medicine) the formation of morbific matter in an abscess or a vesicle and the discharge of pus
   • infection - (medicine) the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms and their multiplication which can lead to tissue damage and disease
   • insufflation - (medicine) blowing air or medicated powder into the lungs (or into some other body cavity)
   • potentiation - (medicine) the synergistic effect of two drugs given simultaneously
   • zymosis - (medicine) the development and spread of an infectious disease (especially one caused by a fungus)
   • reserve - (medicine) potential capacity to respond in order to maintain vital functions
   • curvature - (medicine) a curving or bending; often abnormal
   • malignance, malignancy - (medicine) a malignant state; progressive and resistant to treatment and tending to cause death
   • symptom - (medicine) any sensation or change in bodily function that is experienced by a patient and is associated with a particular disease
   • sign - (medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease
   • immunity, resistance - (medicine) the condition in which an organism can resist disease
   • disfunction, dysfunction - (medicine) any disturbance in the functioning of an organ or body part or a disturbance in the functioning of a social group
   • low-level radioactive waste - (medicine) radioactive waste consisting of objects that have been briefly exposed to radioactivity (as in certain medical tests)
   • snake oil - (medicine) any of various liquids sold as medicine (as by a travelling medicine show) but medically worthless
   • prescribe - (medicine) order the use of (a treatment, medicine, etc.), usually by written prescription
   • tolerate - have a tolerance for a poison or strong drug or pathogen or environmental condition
   • autopsy - perform an autopsy on a dead body; do a post-mortem
   • auscultate - examine by auscultation
   • visualise, visualize - view the outline of by means of an X-ray
   • acute - having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course
   • chronic - being long-lasting and recurrent or characterized by long suffering
   • fulgurating - sharp and piercing
   • specific - being or affecting a disease produced by a particular microorganism or condition; used also of stains or dyes used in making microscope slides
   • nonspecific - not caused by a specific agent; used also of staining in making microscope slides
   • algid - chilly
   • invasive - relating to a technique in which the body is entered by puncture or incision
   • noninvasive - relating to a technique that does not involve puncturing the skin or entering a body cavity
   • corroborant - used of a medicine that is strengthening
   • local - affecting only a restricted part or area of the body
   • localised, localized - confined or restricted to a particular location
   • topical - pertaining to the surface of a body part
   • general - affecting the entire body
   • epidemic - (especially of medicine) of disease or anything resembling a disease; attacking or affecting many individuals in a community or a population simultaneously
   • vicarious - occurring in an abnormal part of the body instead of the usual site involved in that function
   • palpable - (medicine) can be felt by palpation
   • confirming, positive - indicating existence or presence of a suspected condition or pathogen
   • disconfirming, negative - not indicating the presence of microorganisms or disease or a specific condition
   • psychotic - characteristic of or suffering from psychosis
   • iatrogenic - induced by a physician's words or therapy (used especially of a complication resulting from treatment)
   • self-limited - relating to a disease that tends to run a definite course without treatment
   • clonic - of or relating to abnormal neuromuscular activity characterized by rapidly alternating muscle contraction and relaxation
   • neurotropic - (of a virus, toxin, or chemical) tending to attack or affect the nervous system preferentially
   • catatonic - characterized by catatonia especially either rigidity or extreme laxness of limbs
   • parenteral - administered by means other than through the alimentary tract (as by intramuscular or intravenous injection)
   is a type of: medical science - the science of dealing with the maintenance of health and the prevention and treatment of disease
   subtypes:

   • allergology - the branch of medical science that studies the causes and treatment of allergies
   • anesthesiology - the branch of medical science that studies and applies anesthetics
   • angiology - the branch of medical science that studies the blood and lymph vessels and their disorders
   • bacteriology - the branch of medical science that studies bacteria in relation to disease
   • biomedicine - the branch of medical science that studies the ability of organisms to withstand environmental stress (as in space travel)
   • biomedicine - the branch of medical science that applies biological and physiological principles to clinical practice
   • cardiology - the branch of medicine dealing with the heart and its diseases
   • dental medicine, dentistry, odontology - the branch of medicine dealing with the anatomy and development and diseases of the teeth
   • prosthetics - the branch of medicine dealing with the production and use of artificial body parts
   • dermatology - the branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its diseases
   • emergency medicine - the branch of medicine concerned with the prompt diagnosis and treatment of injuries or trauma or sudden illness
   • endocrinology - the branch of medicine dealing with the endocrine glands and their secretions
   • epidemiology - the branch of medical science dealing with the transmission and control of disease
   • forensic medicine, forensic pathology - the branch of medical science that uses medical knowledge for legal purposes
   • gastroenterology - the branch of medicine that studies the gastrointestinal tract and its diseases
   • geriatrics, gerontology - the branch of medical science that deals with diseases and problems specific to old people
   • gynaecology, gynecology - the branch of medicine that deals with the diseases and hygiene of women
   • haematology, hematology - the branch of medicine that deals with diseases of the blood and blood-forming organs
   • hygiene, hygienics - the science concerned with the prevention of illness and maintenance of health
   • immunology - the branch of medical science that studies the body's immune system
   • general medicine, internal medicine - the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and (nonsurgical) treatment of diseases of the internal organs (especially in adults)
   • nephrology - the branch of medicine concerned with the kidney - its development and anatomy and physiology and disorders
   • nuclear medicine - the branch of medicine that uses radioactive materials either to image a patient's body or to destroy diseased cells
   • clinical neurology, neurology - (neurology) the branch of medicine that deals with the nervous system and its disorders
   • neuropsychiatry - the branch of medicine dealing with mental disorders attributable to diseases of the nervous system
   • diagnostics, nosology - the branch of medical science dealing with the classification of disease
   • midwifery, ob, obstetrics, tocology - the branch of medicine dealing with childbirth and care of the mother
   • oncology - the branch of medicine concerned with the study and treatment of tumors
   • ophthalmology - the branch of medicine concerned with the eye and its diseases
   • otology - the branch of medicine concerned with the ear
   • materia medica, pharmacological medicine, pharmacology - the science or study of drugs: their preparation and properties and uses and effects
   • pharmaceutics, pharmacy - the art and science of preparing and dispensing drugs and medicines,
   • psychiatry, psychological medicine, psychopathology - the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders
   • paediatrics, pediatric medicine, pediatrics, pedology - the branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of infants and children
   • chiropody, podiatry - the branch of medicine concerned with the feet
   • proctology - the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the colon or rectum or anus
   • rheumatology - the branch of medicine dealing with the study and treatment of pathologies of the muscles or tendons or joints
   • otolaryngology, otorhinolaryngology, rhinolaryngology - the medical specialty that deals with diseases of the ear, nose and throat
   • space medicine - the branch of medicine concerned with the effects of space flight on human beings
   • sports medicine - the branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of injuries or illness resulting from athletic activities
   • therapeutics - branch of medicine concerned with the treatment of disease
   • thoracic medicine - the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the chest
   • accident surgery, traumatology - the branch of medicine that deals with the surgical repair of injuries and wounds arising from accidents
   • tropical medicine - the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases that are found most often in tropical regions
   • urogenital medicine, urology - the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the urinary tract or urogenital system
   • veterinary medicine - the branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and injuries of animals (especially domestic animals)
   • virology - the branch of medical science that studies viruses and viral diseases
   same as: medical specialty
2. (medicine) something that treats or prevents or alleviates the symptoms of disease (synset 103745652)
   referred to in: medical specialty, medicine - the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques
   associated with:

   • prescription - available only with a doctor's written prescription
   • nonprescription, over-the-counter - purchasable without a doctor's prescription
   is a type of: drug - a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic
   subtypes:

   • acyclovir, zovirax - an oral antiviral drug (trade name Zovirax) used to treat genital herpes; does not cure the disease but relieves the symptoms
   • alendronate, fosamax - a tablet (trade name Fosamax) prescribed to prevent or treat osteoporosis in women after menopause
   • allopurinol, zyloprim - a drug (trade name Zyloprim) used to treat gout and other conditions in which there is an excessive buildup of uric acid
   • amrinone, inocor - a drug (trade name Inocor) used intravenously in heart failure; increases strength of contraction of myocardium
   • analgesic, anodyne, pain pill, painkiller - a medicine used to relieve pain
   • angiogenesis inhibitor - a drug that is designed to prevent the growth of blood vessels that nourish tumors
   • antiarrhythmic, antiarrhythmic drug, antiarrhythmic medication - a drug used to treat an abnormal heart rhythm
   • antibacterial, antibacterial drug, bactericide - any drug that destroys bacteria or inhibits their growth
   • anticholinergic, anticholinergic drug - a substance that opposes or blocks the action of acetylcholine
   • anticholinesterase - a medicine that inhibits cholinesterase by combining with it and so has a cholinergic effect
   • anticoagulant, anticoagulant medication, decoagulant - medicine that prevents or retards the clotting of blood
   • anticonvulsant, anticonvulsant drug, antiepileptic, antiepileptic drug - a drug used to treat or prevent convulsions (as in epilepsy)
   • antidepressant, antidepressant drug - any of a class of drugs used to treat depression; often have undesirable side effects
   • antidiabetic, antidiabetic drug - a drug used to treat diabetes mellitus
   • antidiarrheal, antidiarrheal drug - a drug used to control or stop diarrhea
   • antidiuretic, antidiuretic drug - a drug that limits the formation of urine
   • antiemetic, antiemetic drug - a drug that prevents or alleviates nausea and vomiting
   • antihistamine - a medicine used to treat allergies and hypersensitive reactions and colds; works by counteracting the effects of histamine on a receptor site
   • antihypertensive, antihypertensive drug - a drug that reduces high blood pressure
   • anti-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory drug - a medicine intended to reduce inflammation
   • antiprotozoal, antiprotozoal drug - a medicinal drug used to fight diseases (like malaria) that are caused by protozoa
   • antipyretic, febrifuge - any medicine that lowers body temperature to prevent or alleviate fever
   • antiseptic - a substance that destroys micro-organisms that carry disease without harming body tissues
   • antispasmodic, antispasmodic agent, spasmolytic - a drug used to relieve or prevent spasms (especially of the smooth muscles)
   • antitussive - any medicine used to suppress or relieve coughing
   • antiviral, antiviral agent, antiviral drug - any drug that destroys viruses
   • apc - a drug combination found in some over-the-counter headache remedies (aspirin and phenacetin and caffeine)
   • astringent, astringent drug, styptic - a drug that causes contraction of body tissues and canals
   • atomic cocktail - an oral dose of radioactive substance used in treatment and diagnosis of cancer
   • azathioprine, imuran - an immunosuppressive drug (trade name Imuran) used to prevent rejection of a transplanted organ
   • blocker, blocking agent - a class of drugs that inhibit (block) some biological process
   • bronchodilator - a drug that relaxes and dilates the bronchial passageways and improves the passages of air into the lungs
   • calcium blocker, calcium-channel blocker - any of a class of drugs that block the flow of the electrolyte calcium (either in nerve cell conduction or smooth muscle contraction of the heart); has been used in the treatment of angina or arrhythmia or hypertension or migraine
   • carminative - medication that prevents the formation of gas in the alimentary tract or eases its passing
   • atromid-s, clofibrate - a drug (trade name Atromid-S) that reduces lipids in the blood serum; used to treat some cardiovascular diseases
   • clopidogrel bisulfate, plavix - a blood thinner (trade name Plavix) approved for the treatment of mild heart attacks; works by preventing blood platelets from sticking together to form clots that would restrict blood flow
   • cold medicine - medicine intended to relieve the symptoms of the common cold
   • counterirritant - a medicine applied locally to produce superficial inflammation in order to reduce deeper inflammation
   • cytotoxic drug - any drug that has a toxic effect on cells; commonly used in chemotherapy to inhibit the proliferation of cancerous cells
   • decongestant - a drug that decreases pulmonary congestion
   • demulcent - a medication (in the form of an oil or salve etc.) that soothes inflamed or injured skin
   • diaphoretic - used to produce perspiration
   • antabuse, disulfiram - a drug (trade name Antabuse) used in the treatment of alcoholism; causes nausea and vomiting if alcohol is ingested
   • dosage, dose - a measured portion of medicine taken at any one time
   • drixoral - the trade name for a drug used to treat upper respiratory congestion; it contains an antihistamine and a bronchodilator and a vasoconstrictor
   • drug cocktail, haart, highly active antiretroviral therapy - a combination of protease inhibitors taken with reverse transcriptase inhibitors; used in treating AIDS and HIV
   • expectorant, expectorator - a medicine promoting expectoration
   • fixed-combination drug - drug containing fixed amounts of two or more ingredients
   • gemfibrozil, lopid - medication (trade name Lopid) used to lower the levels of triglyceride in the blood
   • haematinic, hematinic - a medicine that increases the hemoglobin content of the blood; used to treat iron-deficiency anemia
   • herbal medicine - a medicine made from plants and used to prevent or treat disease or promote health
   • histamine blocker - a medicine used to treat the gastric effects of histamine in cases of peptic ulcers and gastritis and gastroesophageal reflux; works by blocking the effects of histamine on the receptor site known as H2
   • immune suppressant drug, immunosuppressant, immunosuppressive, immunosuppressive drug, immunosuppressor - a drug that lowers the body's normal immune response
   • inhalant, inhalation - a medication to be taken by inhaling it
   • isoproterenol, isuprel - drug (trade name Isuprel) used to treat bronchial asthma and to stimulate the heart
   • isordil, isosorbide - drug (trade name Isordil) used to treat angina pectoris and congestive heart failure
   • lipid-lowering medication, lipid-lowering medicine, statin, statin drug - a medicine that lowers blood cholesterol levels by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase
   • mecholyl, methacholine - parasympathomimetic drug (trademark Mecholyl) that stimulates secretions and smooth muscle activity
   • nux vomica - a medicine made from the seeds of an Asiatic tree; contains strychnine and brucine; formerly used as a stimulant
   • over-the-counter drug, over-the-counter medicine - a drug that is sold without a prescription
   • oxytocic, oxytocic drug - a drug that induces labor by stimulating contractions of the muscles of the uterus
   • camphorated tincture of opium, paregoric - medicine used to treat diarrhea
   • patent medicine - medicine that is protected by a patent and available without a doctor's prescription
   • cuprimine, penicillamine - a drug (trade name Cuprimine) used to treat heavy metal poisoning and Wilson's disease and severe arthritis
   • metrazol, pentamethylenetetrazol, pentylenetetrazol - a drug used as a circulatory and respiratory stimulant; larger doses cause convulsions in shock therapy; Metrazol is a trademark
   • pharmaceutic, pharmaceutical - drug or medicine that is prepared or dispensed in pharmacies and used in medical treatment
   • placebo - an innocuous or inert medication; given as a pacifier or to the control group in experiments on the efficacy of a drug
   • powder - any of various cosmetic or medical preparations dispensed in the form of a pulverized powder
   • ethical drug, prescription, prescription drug, prescription medicine - a drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist
   • probenecid - a uricosuric drug that reduces the level of uric acid in the blood; used to treat gout
   • aperient, cathartic, physic, purgative - a purging medicine; stimulates evacuation of the bowels
   • curative, cure, remedy, therapeutic - a medicine or therapy that cures disease or relieve pain
   • rubefacient - a medicine for external application that produces redness of the skin
   • depressant, downer, sedative, sedative drug - a drug that reduces excitability and calms a person
   • soothing syrup - medicine in the form of a syrup that has a calming effect
   • specific - a medicine that has a mitigating effect on a specific disease
   • carafate, sucralfate - medicine consisting of a tablet (trade name Carafate) used to treat peptic ulcers; said to bind to the ulcer site and coat it
   • sudatory, sudorific - a medicine that causes or increases sweating
   • suppository - a small plug of medication designed for insertion into the rectum or vagina where it melts
   • tincture - (pharmacology) a medicine consisting of an extract in an alcohol solution
   • restorative, tonic - a medicine that strengthens and invigorates
   • tyrosine kinase inhibitor - a drug used in cases of chronic myeloid leukemia
   • vermicide - an agent that kills worms (especially those in the intestines)
   • anthelminthic, anthelmintic, helminthic, vermifuge - a medication capable of causing the evacuation of parasitic intestinal worms
   substance holonym: physostigmine - used in treatment of Alzheimer's disease and glaucoma
   same as: medicament, medication, medicinal drug
3. The learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries (synset 100613447)
   "he studied medicine at Harvard"
   referred to in: medical specialty, medicine - the branches of medical science that deal with nonsurgical techniques
   associated with:

   • group practice - (medicine) the practice of medicine by a group of physicians who share their premises and other resources
   • quack - act as a medical quack or a charlatan
   • doctor - give medical treatment to
   • vet - provide veterinary care for
   • vet - provide (a person) with medical care
   • nurse - try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury
   • administer, dispense - give or apply (medications)
   • transfuse - give a transfusion (e.g., of blood) to
   • digitalize - administer digitalis such that the patient benefits maximally without getting adverse effects
   • bring around, cure, heal - provide a cure for, make healthy again
   • relieve, remedy - provide relief for
   • dress - apply a bandage or medication to
   • plaster, poultice - dress by covering with a therapeutic substance
   • bandage - dress by covering or binding
   • strap - secure (a sprained joint) with a strap
   • splint - support with a splint
   • operate, operate on - perform surgery on
   • venesect - practice venesection
   • medicate, medicine - treat medicinally, treat with medicine
   • medicate - impregnate with a medicinal substance
   • dose, drug - administer a drug to
   • dope, dope up - give a narcotic to
   • soup - dope (a racehorse)
   • salve - apply a salve to, usually for the purpose of healing
   • bleed, leech, phlebotomise, phlebotomize - draw blood
   • inject, shoot - give an injection to
   • infuse - introduce into the body through a vein, for therapeutic purposes
   • immunise, immunize, inoculate, vaccinate - perform vaccinations or produce immunity in by inoculation
   • cup, transfuse - treat by applying evacuated cups to the patient's skin
   • ancylose, ankylose - undergo ankylosis
   • ancylose, ankylose - produce ankylosis by surgery
   • eviscerate - remove the contents of
   • diagnose - subject to a medical analysis
   • explore - examine (organs) for diagnostic purposes
   • feel, palpate - examine (a body part) by palpation
   • amputate, cut off - remove surgically
   • slough off - separate from surrounding living tissue, as in an abortion
   • eviscerate, resect - surgically remove a part of a structure or an organ
   is a type of: learned profession - one of the three professions traditionally believed to require advanced learning and high principles
   subtypes:

   • preventive medicine - the branch of medicine concerned with preventing disease
   • alternative medicine - the practice of medicine without the use of drugs; may involve herbal medicines or self-awareness or biofeedback or acupuncture
   • complementary medicine - the practice of medicine that combines traditional medicine with alternative medicine
   same as: practice of medicine
4. Punishment for one's actions (synset 101165019)
   "you have to face the music"; "take your medicine"
   is a type of: penalisation, penalization, penalty, punishment - the act of punishing
   same as: music

1. Treat medicinally, treat with medicine (synset 200083983)
   referred to in: medicine, practice of medicine - the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries
   is a type of: care for, treat - provide treatment for
   subtypes:

   • dose, drug - administer a drug to
   • salve - apply a salve to, usually for the purpose of healing
   same as: medicate

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