deoxyribonucleic acid

Noun
  1. (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix;
    Associated with the transmission of genetic information (synset 114854534)
    "DNA is the king of molecules"
    referred to in: biochemistry - the organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms; the effort to understand biology within the context of chemistry
    is a type of: polymer - a naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers
    subtypes:
    • operon - a segment of DNA containing adjacent genes including structural genes and an operator gene and a regulatory gene
    • cdna, complementary dna - single-stranded DNA that is complementary to messenger RNA or DNA that has been synthesized from messenger RNA by reverse transcriptase
    • episome - DNA that is not incorporated into the genome but is replicated together with the genome (especially in bacterial cells)
    • coding dna, exon - sequence of a gene's DNA that transcribes into protein structures
    • intron, noncoding dna - sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein
    • junk dna - stretches of DNA that do not code for genes
    • recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid, recombinant dna - genetically engineered DNA made by recombining fragments of DNA from different organisms
    • sticky end - an end of DNA in which one strand of the double helix extends a few units beyond the other
    • jumping gene, transposon - a segment of DNA that can become integrated at many different sites along a chromosome (especially a segment of bacterial DNA that can be translocated as a whole)
    has:
    • cistron, factor, gene - (genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity
    • base pair - one of the pairs of chemical bases joined by hydrogen bonds that connect the complementary strands of a DNA molecule or of an RNA molecule that has two strands; the base pairs are adenine with thymine and guanine with cytosine in DNA and adenine with uracil and guanine with cytosine in RNA
    • nucleic acid - (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells
    substance holonym:
    • a, adenine - (biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA
    • c, cytosine - a base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with guanine
    • g, guanine - a purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with cytosine
    • t, thymine - a base found in DNA (but not in RNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine
    same as: desoxyribonucleic acid, dna

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