chromosome
Noun
-
A threadlike strand of DNA in the cell nucleus that carries the genes in a linear order (synset 105449707)
"humans have 22 chromosome pairs plus two sex chromosomes"is a type of: body - an individual 3-dimensional object that has mass and that is distinguishable from other objectssubtypes:
- sex chromosome - (genetics) a chromosome that determines the sex of an individual
- autosome, somatic chromosome - any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome; appear in pairs in body cells but as single chromosomes in spermatozoa
- acentric chromosome - a chromosome lacking a centromere
- acrocentric chromosome - a chromosome with the centromere near one end so that one chromosomal arm is short and one is long
- metacentric chromosome - a chromosome having two equal arms because the centromere is in median position
- telocentric chromosome - a chromosome like a straight rod with the centromere in terminal position
has:- nucleolar organiser, nucleolar organizer, nucleolus organiser, nucleolus organizer - the particular part of a chromosome that is associated with a nucleolus after nuclear division
- chromatin, chromatin granule - the readily stainable substance of a cell nucleus consisting of DNA and RNA and various proteins; during mitotic division it condenses into chromosomes
- cistron, factor, gene - (genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain; it can include regions preceding and following the coding DNA as well as introns between the exons; it is considered a unit of heredity
- chromatid - one of two identical strands into which a chromosome splits during mitosis
- centromere, kinetochore - a specialized condensed region of each chromosome that appears during mitosis where the chromatids are held together to form an X shape
- telomere - either (free) end of a eukaryotic chromosome
is a part of: cell nucleus, karyon, nucleus - a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
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